India’s Rising Supercomputing Ecosystem

India's supercomputing ecosystem has evolved under the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM), launched in April 2015 with an outlay of about ₹4,500 crore and jointly steered by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY). Implemented by C-DAC, Pune, and IISc, Bengaluru, the mission aims to build self-reliance in high-performance computing (HPC). As of September 2026, India has deployed 40 supercomputers with a combined capacity of 68 petaFLOPS, with a target of 50 supercomputers exceeding 123 petaFLOPS. Key indigenous achievements include the Rudra server series, PARAM Rudra supercomputers, high-speed interconnect networks, and cooling technologies. These systems support critical societal and national applications across genomics, flood prediction, weather forecasting, and disaster management.