Nuclear Energy Technology in India

India's nuclear energy programme centers on technological self-reliance, an indigenously designed three-stage nuclear power programme, and the utilization of domestic thorium reserves. India operates 24 nuclear power reactors with a total installed capacity of 8.78 GW, alongside 9 units under construction with a combined capacity of 7.5 GW. The Government aims to achieve 100 GW of nuclear power capacity by 2047. Key milestones include the Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam attaining first criticality in April 2026, marking the start of the second stage. Recent initiatives include the Nuclear Energy Mission (2025–26), the SHANTI Act (2025), and development of indigenous Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) like the BSMR-200.