Research Output from Centrally-funded Institutions

The Ministry of Education highlighted that Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD) rose from Rs 60,196.75 crore in 2010‑11 to Rs 1,27,380.96 crore in 2020‑21, and the government sanctioned Rs 99,494.24 crore (FY 2020‑21 to 2025‑26) for premier technical institutions. India’s Global Innovation Index rank improved from 81st (2015) to 38th (2025), and it ranked 3rd in Science‑Engineering publications (2022) and 6th in patent applications (2022). The Prime Minister’s Research Fellows (PMRF) Scheme (Rs 1,650 crore) has admitted 3,688 scholars, while the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (Rs 50,000 crore) and the Research Development and Innovation Scheme (Rs 1 lakh crore) were launched to strengthen the research ecosystem.