CLIMATE RESILIENT CITIES & URBAN HEATWAVES

The Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs (MoHUA) outlined the framework for climate‑resilient urban development. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) issued 2019 guidelines for Heat Action Plans (HAPs), with 23 states, 195 districts and 64 cities having prepared HAPs. An NDMA advisory urges inclusion of informal workers’ needs—such as shaded vending zones and hydration facilities—into these plans. MoHUA’s 2014 Urban Green and URDPFI guidelines promote compact, green, and energy‑efficient urban design, while the PMAY‑U scheme (since 25 June 2015) and its Technology Sub‑Mission and Technology & Innovation Sub‑Mission support green building materials and climate‑responsive housing. The India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP) adds sector‑wide measures for sustainable cooling, including adoption of the Energy Conservation Building Code in transport infrastructure.