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PIB Backgrounder

Immersive Technologies

8out of 10

Immersive technologies—comprising Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, and Extended Reality (XR)—are expanding across India's education, industry, and creative sectors. The government is actively promoting the Animation, Visual Effects, Gaming, Comics, and Extended Reality (AVGC-XR) ecosystem through initiatives such as the Indian Institute of Creative Technologies (IICT) in Mumbai, the GENESIS Scheme for startups, and an allocation of ₹250 crore in the Union Budget 2026–27 for AVGC Content Creator Labs across schools and colleges. Additionally, infrastructure initiatives like the Department of Telecommunications' 'Sangam: Digital Twin' and various state policies aim to position India as a global hub for immersive technology and innovation under the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.

PrelimsMainsGS2GS3Science & TechnologyGovernanceEconomyGovernment Schemes

The First National SARAS Mela 2026, held at Punnami Ghat in Vijayawada, is organized by the Ministry of Rural Development in collaboration with the Government of Andhra Pradesh and supported by NABARD, NIRDPR, and Kudumbashree. The event showcases traditional crafts, entrepreneurship, and the transformative journeys of women from Self-Help Groups (SHGs) who have advanced towards becoming 'Lakhpati Didis' under the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM). The Mela highlights individual case studies of women entrepreneurs running diverse micro and small enterprises—ranging from woodcarving and ethnic wear to ragi processing and cashew-nut value addition—achieving multi-lakh to crore-rupee turnovers. The inauguration featured an address by the President of India regarding women's economic independence and asset control.

PrelimsMainsGS2GS3GovernanceEconomySocial JusticeGovernment Schemes

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has notified amendments to the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989, to facilitate the adoption and emission certification of E85 and E100 flex fuel vehicles. The rules include E100 alongside E85 and update biodiesel-related provisions and technical corrections. Flex fuel vehicles are designed to operate on a range of ethanol and petrol blends using a single fuel tank, with engine controls adjusting automatically to fuel composition. The notification clarifies that E85/E100 is meant exclusively for specially certified vehicles and does not mandate existing vehicle owners to switch or modify their vehicles.

PrelimsMainsGS3EnvironmentEconomyGovernment Schemes

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi is scheduled to inaugurate the Emerging Science, Technology and Innovation Conclave 2026 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, on 27 October 2026. The three-day event brings together scientists, policymakers, industry leaders, startups, and international experts to discuss India's science, technology, and innovation priorities across 12 thematic areas such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, advanced materials, manufacturing, healthcare, energy, and climate and ocean sciences. The conclave features an exhibition with around 150 deep-tech startup stalls and introduces the Global Connect Networking Event to foster international research partnerships and industry-academia collaboration.

PrelimsMainsGS3Science & TechnologyEconomy

The Hon’ble Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, Shri Harivansh, delivered the welcome address at the inaugural session of the 12th BRICS Parliamentary Forum in the Central Hall of the Parliament of India, New Delhi. He noted that BRICS represents approximately 49.5% of the global population and serves as an effective multilateral platform for consultation and cooperation. Highlighting India's 2026 BRICS Presidency under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, he emphasized the vision of "People-Centric" and "Humanity First" development, the expansion of the bloc, and the adoption of the New Delhi Declaration. The theme of the session was "Fostering Parliaments for People-Centric Development."

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Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution

India Hosts 61st Meeting of International Committee of Legal Metrology in New Delhi

7out of 10

India is hosting the 61st Meeting of the International Committee of Legal Metrology (CIML) in New Delhi from October 26 to 28, 2026. This marks the first time India is hosting this international meeting of the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML). The event features an international seminar on 'Evolutions in Legal Metrology', an OIML Strategy Workshop, and discussions on measurement standards, fair trade, consumer protection, and digital transformation. During the meeting, Indian officials highlighted domestic legal metrology reforms such as the Jan Vishwas amendments, Government Approved Test Centres, the e-Maap portal, India's recognition as an OIML-CS Issuing Authority, and the 'One Nation, One Time' National Time Dissemination Project.

PrelimsMainsGS2GS3Science & TechnologyGovernanceInternational RelationsEconomy

Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare Shri J.P. Nadda launched a capacity-building training programme for medical and allied healthcare professionals engaged in drug de-addiction services. The initiative, aligned with the Vision Document on Narcotic Control: 2026–2029, aims to train 10,000 service providers by March 2029 to achieve a 'Nasha Mukt Bharat'. Implemented through six central institutions under the Drug De-Addiction Programme (DDAP) — coordinated by NDDTC, AIIMS, New Delhi — the programme uses a blended learning model consisting of online live sessions, self-paced modules, and offline training. During the event, the second edition of the manual 'Substance Use Disorder: Manual for Physicians (Management of Addictive Disorders)' was also released.

PrelimsMainsGS2GS3GovernanceSocial JusticeSecurityGovernment Schemes

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi interacted with Members of Parliament from BRICS nations during the ongoing 12th BRICS Parliamentary Forum 2026, held in New Delhi. During the interaction, the Prime Minister and visiting parliamentary delegates exchanged perspectives on a wide range of issues.

PrelimsMainsGS2PolityInternational Relations

The Raksha Mantri will lead the Indian delegation at the 13th ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting (ADMM)-Plus in Cebu, Philippines, from October 28 to 29, 2026, where he will address regional and international security issues. On the sidelines, bilateral meetings will be held to review and strengthen defence ties and strategic partnerships. ADMM is ASEAN's highest defence consultative and cooperative mechanism, while ADMM-Plus includes ASEAN member states and eight Dialogue Partners. India, a dialogue partner since 1992, co-chairs the Experts Working Group on Counter-Terrorism with Malaysia for the 2024-2027 cycle, reflecting its engagement under the Act East policy.

PrelimsMainsGS2International RelationsSecurity

The Prime Minister shared an article written by Lok Sabha Speaker Shri Om Birla highlighting the role of the 12th BRICS Parliamentary Forum in strengthening parliamentary dialogue and cooperation among member and partner countries. According to the article, the forum will focus on discussions concerning institutional resilience, AI governance, South-South cooperation, and sustainability. These discussions are guided by the four pillars of India's 2026 BRICS Chairship.

PrelimsMainsGS2PolityInternational Relations

The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, hosted the curtain-raiser for the Emerging Science, Technology and Innovation Conclave (ESTIC 2026), featuring sessions on System and Synthetic Biology. ESTIC 2026, organised by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and guided by the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser, is scheduled for October 2026 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi. The conclave covers 12 thematic areas, including biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and advanced manufacturing, supporting the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047. Dignitaires from NITI Aayog, the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), and ICGEB emphasized the role of biology, synthetic biology, AI, and the BioE3 Policy in driving India's bioeconomy and innovation ecosystem.

PrelimsMainsGS3Science & TechnologyGovernanceEconomy

The Department of Commerce has extended Component II of the RELIEF (Resilience & Logistics Intervention for Export Facilitation) initiative under the Export Promotion Mission until March 31, 2027. Notified via Notification No. 37/2026-27 on September 30, 2026, the extension responds to ongoing geopolitical disruptions in West Asia affecting maritime logistics across the Gulf and adjoining regions. RELIEF provides 95 per cent risk coverage to encourage exporters to obtain ECGC cover for upcoming shipments in FCL, LCL, and reefer containers, while protecting eligible exporters from premium increases beyond pre-disruption levels. Claims are processed through the ECGC customer portal.

PrelimsMainsGS3International RelationsEconomyGovernment Schemes

The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), chaired by Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh, has accorded Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) for capital acquisition proposals worth approximately Rs 2,12,000 crore for the defence forces. The approvals cover procurements for the Indian Army, Indian Navy, and Indian Air Force to enhance mobility, firepower, situational awareness, air defence, and surveillance capabilities. For the Indian Army, approvals include High Mobility Vehicles, Self-Propelled Tracked Gun Systems, Light Multi Role Helicopters, and various drone and counter-UAS systems. The Indian Navy's approvals include an Active Offboard Decoy System and major indigenously designed naval platforms. The Indian Air Force will procure helicopters, air defence systems, weapons, and Mobile X-Band Doppler Weather Radar Systems. Approximately 82% of the total procurements will be sourced from the Indian Industry.

PrelimsMainsGS3EconomySecurity

Lok Sabha Speaker Shri Om Birla inaugurated the 12th BRICS Parliamentary Forum 2026 at Samvidhan Sadan in New Delhi. The Forum was held under the theme 'Strengthening Parliaments for People-Centric Development' (also cited as 'Fostering Parliaments for People-Centric Development'). The discussions focused on four interconnected pillars: resilience, innovation, cooperation, and sustainability. The event emphasized amplifying the voice of the Global South, parliamentary diplomacy, translating international commitments into tangible outcomes, balancing environmental stewardship with economic growth, and channeling youth aspirations into nation-building. The inauguration was also attended by Rajya Sabha Deputy Chairman Shri Harivansh and other parliamentary delegations from BRICS member and partner countries.

PrelimsMainsGS2GovernancePolityInternational Relations

The Cabinet Secretary chaired a National Crisis Management Committee (NCMC) meeting to review disaster preparedness for cyclonic storm 'ARNAB' in the Bay of Bengal. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) reported that the deep depression intensified into a cyclonic storm, forecast to cross the Andhra Pradesh and Yanam coasts between Bapatla and Visakhapatnam as a very severe cyclonic storm with wind speeds of 115-125 kmph. The system is also expected to affect districts in Telangana, Southern Odisha, South & Central Chhattisgarh, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar. State governments, the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), the Indian Coast Guard, and various central ministries updated the committee on evacuation, shelter arrangements, standby rescue teams, and advisories issued to fishermen.

PrelimsMainsGS3GovernanceEnvironmentSecurityGovernment Schemes

The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has released recommendations on an 'Authorisation Framework for Application-based Linear Television Distribution (ALTD) Services' following a reference from the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. The recommendations propose introducing ALTD Services as a distinct sub-category under 'Television Channel Distribution Services' within the broadcasting authorisation framework of the Telecommunications Act, 2023. The framework covers applications aggregating and distributing scheduled linear TV channels and Free Ad-Supported Streaming Television (FAST) services over public Internet or IP-based networks. It outlines a light-touch regulatory approach involving an online portal, an application processing fee of ₹10,000, a one-time entry fee of ₹1 lakh with no bank guarantee or security deposit, and a validity of 20 years. Additionally, the recommendations specify obligations for Original Equipment Manufacturers and Operating System providers, consumer grievance redressal, registration of Internet-native linear television channels, and the integration of ALTD viewership into the television audience measurement framework.

PrelimsMainsGS2GS3Science & TechnologyGovernanceEconomy

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released its Monthly Flash Report tracking 1,853 Central Sector Infrastructure Projects worth ₹37.56 lakh crore as of September 2026. Monitored through the PAIMANA-PROJ platform (utilizing the PAIMANA-CRIP repository), these projects span 17 Central Ministries and Departments. Cumulative expenditure on ongoing projects has reached ₹17.73 lakh crore, representing roughly 47.21% of the total project cost. The Transport & Logistics and Energy sectors together account for 83.4% of all monitored projects. The report details project distribution, physical and financial progress ranges, ministry-wise allocations, major completions like the Buxar Thermal Power Project, and newly onboarded projects.

PrelimsMainsGS2GS3GovernanceEconomyReports/Indices
Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation

ASUSE 2027–28 to Align with the Financial Year (April–March)

7out of 10

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) announced that the Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE) 2027–28 will align its survey period with the financial year (April–March) instead of the calendar year. To address emerging data needs and stakeholder requirements, several new policy-focused questions will be introduced. These include capturing gender-specific constraints faced by female entrepreneurs, electricity sources used by establishments, fixed asset investments over a longer reference period, and specific questions to identify handloom, power-loom, and handicraft establishments at the request of the Ministry of Textiles. Additionally, to ensure no break in quarterly estimates, a transition survey for January–March 2027 will use the existing schedule before launching the new cycle in April 2027.

PrelimsMainsGS3GovernanceEconomyReports/Indices

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), in association with the Sahodaya School Complexes of Delhi/NCR, is organising the 4th National Summit on ‘Facilitating School-to-Work Transition’ in New Delhi on October 26–27, 2026. The event focuses on integrating skill education with mainstream schooling, linking school education with higher education, skilling, and employment, as envisioned in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. The Secretary of DoSEL outlined four key priorities: technology and digital safety/skills; design and innovation; skill recognition via the National Credit Framework; and equitable career guidance. The two-day summit convenes school leaders, educators, industry experts, and policymakers to discuss emerging workforce needs, pedagogical practices, and career pathways.

PrelimsMainsGS2GovernanceSocial JusticeGovernment Schemes

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH), in collaboration with the Government of Delhi, is organizing a 'Transport Mela' under the PARIVARTAN Scheme at Burari, North Delhi. The event brings together vehicle manufacturers, registered scrapping facilities, financial institutions, and oil marketing companies to provide old truck and bus owners with on-the-spot guidance on scrapping, financing, and purchasing cleaner replacement vehicles. The PARIVARTAN Scheme promotes replacing old trucks and buses in Delhi-NCR by offering incentives such as OEM discounts, interest subventions on vehicle loans, road tax concessions, electric vehicle benefits, fuel vouchers, and registration fee waivers. Around 40,000 beneficiaries have registered on the PARIVARTAN portal.

PrelimsMainsGS3EnvironmentEconomyGovernment Schemes
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